The Qur'an states the elements and times of the prayer.
Elements in the Qur'an
- Facing the qiblah: turn toward the Sacred Mosque (2:144).
- Standing & recitation: the Qur'an is recited in prayer (17:78-79; 73:20); Al-Fātiḥah (1).
- Bowing & prostration: "Bow, prostrate, and worship your Lord" (22:77; 2:43).
- Khushū' (humility): the believers "are humble in their prayer" (23:1-2).
- Times: 11:114; 17:78; 20:130; 2:238 (see the Prayer times topic).
Source: Qur'anic verses (M. Okuyan meal).